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John of England
Historical Figures
John of England
King John of England
The medieval monarch who ruled England from 1199 to 1216, known for his conflicts with the nobility and the signing of the Magna Carta.
Born
1166
Died
1216
Nationality
English
Profession
King
Life Journey & Timeline
Explore 11 key moments that shaped John of England's extraordinary life and lasting legacy.
1166
1166-12-24
Birth
Birth of John
•Age 0•Oxford, England
John, the youngest son of Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine, is born on Christmas Eve at Beaumont Palace. He is known as 'John Lackland' due to his initial lack of inheritance.
1171
Education
Early Education Begins
•Age 5•England
John begins his early education, likely tutored by scholars at his father's court, focusing on Latin, chivalry, and the skills necessary for a prince of the realm.
1189
1189-07-06
Milestone
Henry II Dies; Richard I Ascends
•Age 23•France
John's father, Henry II, dies, and his brother Richard I becomes King of England. John supports Richard but also plots against him with Philip II of France.
1190
Career
Joins Richard I's Crusade
•Age 24•Palestine
John accompanies Richard I on the Third Crusade, but he returns early and begins to assert his claim to the throne, challenging Richard’s authority.
1191
Personal
Marriage to Isabella of Gloucester
•Age 25•England
John marries Isabella of Gloucester to strengthen his political position, but the marriage is childless and is later annulled on grounds of consanguinity.
1194
Achievement
Reconciliation with Richard I
•Age 28•Normandy, France
After a period of conflict, John reconciles with Richard I, who forgives him and names him heir to the throne, securing his future succession.
1199
1199-04-06
Milestone
Ascends to the Throne
•Age 33•Westminster Abbey, London
Richard I dies without an heir, and John is crowned King of England. His reign begins amidst challenges from his barons and foreign rivals.
1200
1200-08-24
Personal
Marriage to Isabella of Angoulême
•Age 34•Angers, France
John annuls his marriage to Isabella of Gloucester and marries the young Isabella of Angoulême, furthering his political alliances in France.
1204
Milestone
Loss of Normandy
•Age 38•France
John loses control of Normandy and other territories in France to Philip II, marking a significant military and political setback for his reign.
1215
1215-06-15
Achievement
Signing of Magna Carta
•Age 49•Runnymede, England
Faced with rebellion from his barons, John signs the Magna Carta at Runnymede, a foundational document that limits royal power and establishes legal rights.
1216
1216-10-19
Death
Death of John
•Age 50•Newark, England
John dies of dysentery at Newark Castle, leaving his kingdom in a state of civil war and his young son Henry III to succeed him.
Major Achievements
Discover the groundbreaking contributions that made John of England a legendary figure.
1
Magna Carta
2
Loss of Normandy
3
Conflict with the Church
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Cultural & Historical Context
English-Norman
Personality Traits
Understanding their character helps you have more meaningful conversations.
AmbitiousRuthlessStubborn